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eBook details

Title: Structural Adjustment, Employment, Income Distribution and Poverty (Inequality AND Poverty) (Report)
Author : Pakistan Development Review
Release Date : January 22, 1994
Genre: Economics,Books,Business & Personal Finance,
Pages : * pages
Size : 300 KB

Description

The Structural Adjustment and Stabilisation Programmes of the IMF, World Bank and other international financial institutions for Pakistan have called for a reduction in the fiscal deficit, a restricted role of government in the economy, rationalisation of tax Structure, removal of subsidies on consumption and production, etc. with a view to fostering efficiency, higher levels of output, stability of prices, etc. To what extent these objectives have been realised has rarely been examined. Firoze (1986) is probably the only exception who concludes that because of the structural weakness and adherence to just financial criteria these programmes have resulted in accumulating structural problems rather than alleviating them. These programmes also have significant implications for employment, poverty and income distribution. The present paper examines the adequacy of these programmes in realising the intended objectives and their impact on employment, income distribution and poverty in Pakistan. The plan of the paper is as follows. Section I traces out changes in the structure of protection resulting from import liberalisation and tariff rationalisation and their impact on the level of efficiency. Section II examines trends in fiscal deficit and inflationary tendencies in the economy. To what extent employment and employment cost has contributed towards containment of the fiscal deficit has been examined in Section III. Trends in income distribution and poverty during the period of the Structural Adjustment Programme has been examined in Section IV. The main conclusions of the paper are summarised in Section V.